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SX1210
ADV ANCED COMMUNICATIONS & SENSING
data input
CRC Polynomial =X 16 + X 12 + X 5 + 1
X 15
X 14
X 13
X 12
X 11
***
X 5
X 4
***
X 0
Figure 36: CRC Implementation
5.5.5. DC-Free Data Mechanisms
Two techniques are supported by the SX1210 packet handler: Manchester decoding and data whitening. Please
note that only one of the two methods should be enabled at a time.
5.5.5.1. Manchester Decoding
Manchester decoding is enabled by setting bit PKTParam_Manchester_on and can only be used in Packet mode.
The NRZ data to Manchester codes ‘1’ as “10” and ‘0’ as “01”.
In this case, the maximum chip rate is the maximum bit rate given in the specifications section and the actual bit
rate is half the chip rate.
Manchester decoding is only applied to the payload and CRC checksum while preamble and Sync word are kept
NRZ. However, the chip rate from preamble to CRC is the same and defined by MCParam_BR (Chip Rate = Bit
Rate NRZ = 2 x Bit Rate Manchester).
Manchester decoding is thus made transparent for the user, who still retrieves NRZ data from the FIFO.
1/BR ...Sync
1/BR
Payload...
RF chips @ BR
...
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0 1 1
0
1
0
...
User/NRZ bits
Manchester OFF
...
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
...
t
User/NRZ bits
Manchester ON
...
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
...
Figure 37: Manchester Decoding
5.5.5.2. Data Dewhitening
Another technique called whitening or scrambling is widely used for randomizing the user data before radio
transmission. The data is whitened using a random sequence on the Tx side and de-whitened on the SX1210 (Rx
side) using the same sequence. Comparing to Manchester technique it has the advantage of keeping NRZ datarate
i.e. actual bit rate is not halved.
SX1210 supported whitening algorithm is given in Figure 38. This figure provides you with the random sequence to
be X-ORed with the actual payload.
The de-whitening process is enabled by setting bit PKTParam_Whitening_on. The data is de-whitened by the
SX1210 receiver side by XORing with the same random sequence as the Tx.
Payload de-whitening is thus made transparent for the user, who still retrieves NRZ data from the FIFO.
Rev 2– Sept 8 , 2008
th
Page 45 of 73
www.semtech.com
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